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1.
Int. j. morphol ; 39(6): 1688-1693, dic. 2021. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1385556

ABSTRACT

SUMMARY: The Caiman crocodilus yacare was once close to extinction. Studies about the male reproductive tract may aid in their reproduction and conservation. In this work, after sedation and euthanasia, seven young male C. yacare were submitted to necropsy, and macroscopic evaluation of the reproductive system, while the three others were admitted for histological study. The histological sections were stained with Hematoxylin & Eosin and Masson's Trichrome. After opening the pleuroperitoneal cavity it was possible to identify that the testicles were disposed in pairs and attached to its dorsal surface. The epididymis showed elongated and convoluted shapes and were located at the cranial margin of the testicles, following its medial portion, which was the same portion that the "vas deferens" stems from until the opening of the cloaca. The crocodile phallus presented a tubular shape, with conical appearance, displaying little resistance while maintaining its flexibility, compatible with a fibrocartilaginous tissue. On light microscopic analysis it was possible to observe that the testis was delimited by the tunica albuginea. The seminiferous tubules were contorted, and the interstitial space was filled with interstitial tissue and Leydig cells. The epididymal ductus were covered with non-ciliated pseudostratified epithelium with cells varying between cuboidal and prismatic shapes. The ductus deferens were characterized by a narrow girth shrouded with non- ciliated pseudostratified prismatic epithelium. The phallus of the crocodile was covered with a non-keratinized squamous epithelium surrounded by connective tissue. The findings support anatomic and histologic knowledge Alligatoridae reproductive system, enabling further research in the C. yacare reproduction and conservation.


RESUMEN: El Caiman crocodilus yacare ha estado en peligro de extinción. Los estudios sobre el aparato reproductor del macho pueden ser de ayuda en su reproducción y conservación. En este trabajo, fueron sometidos a necropsia y evaluación macroscópica del aparato reproductor, siete machos jóvenes de C. yacare, mientras que otros tres fueron utilizados para su estudio histológico. Las secciones histológicas se tiñeron con hematoxilina y eosina y tricrómico de Masson. Después de examinar la cavidad pleuroperitoneal se pudo identificar que los testículos estaban dispuestos en pares y adheridos a su superficie dorsal. El epidídimo presentaba formas alargadas y contorneadas y se ubicaba en el margen craneal de los testículos, siguiendo su porción medial, que era la misma porción de donde parten los conductos deferentes hasta la apertura de la cloaca. El pene del cocodrilo presentaba forma tubular, de apariencia cónica, mostrando poca resistencia manteniendo su flexibilidad, compatible con un tejido fibrocartilaginoso. En el análisis microscópico óptico se pudo observar que el testículo estaba delimitado por la túnica albugínea. Los túbulos seminíferos estaban contorsionados y el espacio intersticial estaba lleno de tejido intersticial y células intersticiales (células de Leydig). El epidídimo estaba cubierto con epitelio pseudoestratificado no ciliado con células que variaban entre formas cuboideas y prismáticas. Los conductos deferentes se caracterizaron por una circunferencia estrecha envuelta en un epitelio prismático pseudoestratificado no ciliado. El pene del cocodrilo estaba cubierto con un epitelio escamoso no queratinizado rodeado de tejido conectivo. Los hallazgos corroboran el conocimiento de la anatomía del sistema reproductivo de Alligatoridae, lo que permite una mayor investigación sobre la reproducción y conservación de C. yacare.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Alligators and Crocodiles/anatomy & histology , Genitalia, Male/anatomy & histology
2.
Int. j. morphol ; 39(4): 1200-1211, ago. 2021. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1385429

ABSTRACT

SUMMARY: This study aimed to describe the morphology, histology, and histochemistry of the kidneys and the sexual segment of the kidney (SSK) in Chamaeleo calyptratus (Yemen chameleons or veiled chameleons) collected during the active reproductive season. To achieve this objective, a total of 7 mature male Chamaeleo calyptratus were captured from their natural habitats from different areas in the Aseer region of Saudi Arabia and transferred to the reptilian laboratory where their kidneys were dissected out. Next, a morphological examination was conducted on the kidneys and the SSK was processed for light microscopic examinations with the primary focus placed on the morphology and histology of the SSK. The results of the study showed that Chamaeleo calyptratus possess two, reddish-brown, attenuated kidneys divided into lobes and lobules (lobulated). The histological study showed that the chameleons had no distinct limits between the cortex and medulla of the kidneys. In general, similar with other reptiles, this lizard demonstrated that the kidneys have few nephrons, do not show any nephron loop (loop of Henle), and display few glomeruli. The nephron is generally composed of standard components: renal corpuscle, glomerulus surrounded by a double-walled, the glomerular capsule (Bowman's capsule) and renal tubules (six renal tubular segments differentiated as the ciliated neck segment [between the glomerulus and the proximal segment], proximal segment, ciliated intermediate segment instead of nephron loop that connects proximal and distal, distal segment, terminal segment or sexual segment, and all segments emptying into the collecting ducts. The epithelial tissues lining the lumen of these segments vary from simple cuboidal cells to columnar and tall columnar cells in the SSK. Mature male Chamaeleo calyptratus possess hypertrophied parts of the distal renal segments, which are called the SSK. Histologically, the active SSK consists of simple tall columnar epithelial cells with rounded basal nuclei with clear centralized nucleoli and numerous apical coarse secretory granules which are released from the cells by an apocrine process. Histochemically, the secretory granules stain positively for proteins with mercuric bromophenol blue and react intensely to periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) for neutral carbohydrates. This is the first report about the histology of the SSK of the Chamaeleo calyptratus, and this study adds to the knowledge of the reproductive biology, biodiversity, and reproductive strategies of chameleons. Further studies are required to investigate the ultrastructure of the kidneys and SSK.


RESUMEN: Este estudio tuvo como objetivo describir la morfología, histología e histoquímica de los riñones y el segmento sexual en el riñón (SSK) del Chamaeleo calyptratus (camaleones de Yemen o camaleones con velo) recolectados durante la temporada reproductiva. Un total de 7 machos maduros de Chamaeleo calyptratus fueron capturados en su hábitat natural de diferentes áreas en la región de Aseer de Arabia Saudita y transferidos al laboratorio de reptiles donde fueron disecados los riñones. Posteriormente, se llevó a cabo un examen morfológico de los riñones y se procesó la SSK para exámenes con microscopio óptico con el enfoque principal puesto en la morfología y la histología. Los resultados del estudio mostraron que Chamaeleo calyptratus posee dos riñones atenuados de color marrón rojizo divididos en lóbulos (lobulados). En el estudio histológico se observó que los riñones de los camaleones no tenían límites definidos entre la corteza y la médula. En general, y similar a otros reptiles, este lagarto demostró que los riñones tienen pocas nefronas, no muestran ningún asa de Henle y presentan pocos glomérulos. La nefrona está compuesta por componentes estándar: corpúsculo renal (glomérulo rodeado por una pared de doble pared). Cápsula de Bowman y túbulos renales (seis segmentos tubulares renales diferenciados como el segmento del cuello ciliado [entre el glomérulo y el segmento proximal], segmento proximal, segmento intermedio ciliado en lugar del asa de Henle que conecta proximal y distal, segmento distal, segmento terminal o segmento sexual y todos los segmentos que desembocan en los conductos colectores Los tejidos epiteliales que recubren la luz de estos segmentos varían desde células cuboidales simples hasta células columnares y columnares altas en la SSK. Los machos maduros de Chamaeleo calyptratus poseen partes hipertrofiadas de los segmentos renales distales, denominados SSK. Histológicamente, la SSK activa consiste en células epiteliales cilíndricas altas simples con núcleos basales redondeados, nucléolos centralizados claros y gránulos secretores gruesos apicales que se liberan de las células por un proceso apocrino. Histoquímicamente, los gránulos secretores se tiñen positivamente para las proteínas con azul de bromofenol mercúrico y reaccionan intensamente al ácido periódico-Schiff (PAS) para obtener carbohidratos neutros. Este es el primer informe sobre la histología de la SSK de Chamaeleo calyptratus, y se suma al conocimiento de la biología reproductiva, la biodiversidad y las estrategias reproductivas de los camaleones. Se requieren más estudios para investigar la ultraestructura de los riñones y la SSK.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Genitalia, Male/anatomy & histology , Kidney/anatomy & histology , Lizards/anatomy & histology
3.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec. (Online) ; 73(2): 285-292, Mar.-Apr. 2021. tab
Article in English | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1248937

ABSTRACT

The aim of this work was to compare results of breeding soundness examination (BSE) of Nellore bulls (n=1257) according to evaluation criteria from two different classification tables (traditional-Table1 used since 1997 and an updated-Table2-proposed in 2020). Data were separated into 3 categories: questionable animals in Table1 and Table2 (Q1Q2), animals approved in Table1 and questionable in Table2 (A1Q2) and animals approved in Table1 and Table2 (A1A2). BSE parameters were submitted to ANOVA (P<005), according to age groups. Higher (P<0.0001) scrotal perimeter (PE) were observed in A1A2 category (18-24m=33.4±2.4cm; 24-36m=34.5±2.2cm; 36-48m=36.6±1.7cm; >48m=38.6±1.7cm) compared to A1Q2 (18-24m=29.05±0.98cm; 24-36m=30.3±0.6cm; 36-48m=32.9±1.0cm; >48m=34.8±1.0cm) and to Q1Q2 (24-36m=26.8±2.0cm; 36-48m=30.0±0.1cm; >48m=31.3±1.1cm), for all age groups. At the age of 36-48months (Q1Q2=2.7±0.3; A1Q2=3.2±0.3; A1A2=3.3±0.6) and >48months (Q1Q2=3.0±0.4; A1Q2=3.3±0.5; A1A2=3.4±0.5), animals with better andrological classifications presented higher (P<0.05) body condition score (BCS). Additionally, at age >48m, higher sperm Motility (P=0.0250) and Vigor (P=0.0335) were observed in animals A1Q2 (Mot=55.5±14.7%; V=3.21±0.82) and A1A2 (Mot=55.8±12.2%; V=3.23±0.81) compared to Q1Q2 (Mot=50.2±17.4%; V=2.77±0.82). It was concluded that bulls approved using strict selection criteria demonstrated higher PE and BCS, regardless of the age. The utilization of updated classification tables is highly recommended for further reproductive potential development of Nellore bulls in the field.(AU)


O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar os resultados obtidos no exame andrológico a campo de touros Nelore (n=1257) de acordo com os critérios de avaliação de duas tabelas de classificação (uma tabela tradicional - tabela 1 - proposta em 1997 e uma nova tabela atualizada - tabela 2 - proposta em 2020). Os dados foram separados em três categorias: animais questionáveis nas tabelas 1 e 2 (Q1Q2), animais aprovados na tabela 1 e questionáveis na tabela 2 (A1Q2) e animais aprovados nas tabelas 1 e 2 (A1A2). Os parâmetros foram submetidos à análise de variância (P<0,05), por faixa etária. Observou-se maior (P<0,0001) PE no grupo A1A2 (18-24m=33,4±2,4cm; 24-36m=34,5±2,2cm; 36-48m=36,6±1,7cm; >48m=38,6±1,7cm) em comparação ao grupo A1Q2 (18-24m=29,05±0,98cm; 24-36m=30,3±0,6cm; 36-48m=32,9±1,0cm; >48m=34,8±1,0cm) e este maior (P<0,0001) que Q1Q2 (24-36m=26,8±2,0cm; 36-48m=30,0±0,1cm; >48m=31,3±1,1cm) em todas as idades. Nas faixas etárias 36-48m (Q1Q2=2,7±0,3; A1Q2=3,2±0,3; A1A2=3,3±0,6) e >48m (Q1Q2=3,0±0,4;A1Q2=3,3±0,5; A1A2=3,4±0,5), animais com melhor classificação andrológica apresentaram melhor (P<0,05) escore de condição corporal (ECC). Adicionalmente, na idade >48m, maiores motilidade (P=0,0250) e vigor (P=0,0335) foram observados nos animais A1Q2 (Mot=55,5±14,7%; V=3,21±0,82) e A1A2 (Mot=55,8±12,2%; V=3,23±0,81) comparados aos animais Q1Q2 (Mot=50,2±17,4%; V=2,77±0,82). Concluiu-se que touros aprovados na tabela com critérios mais rigorosos de classificação (tabela 2) apresentaram maior PE e ECC, independentemente da idade. Assim, a utilização de tabelas classificatórias atualizadas é fundamental para maior desenvolvimento do potencial reprodutivo de touros Nelore a campo.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Cattle , Scrotum/anatomy & histology , Sperm Motility , Fertility , Genitalia, Male/anatomy & histology
4.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1092122

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: To present a case of bilateral gynecomastia in a prepubertal boy with autism spectrum disorder, diagnosed with myotonic dystrophy type 1. Case description: A 12-year-old boy with autism spectrum disorder presented at a follow-up visit with bilateral breast growth. There was a family history of gynecomastia, cataracts at a young age, puberty delay, and myotonic dystrophy type 1. The physical examination showed that he had bilateral gynecomastia with external genitalia Tanner stage 1. Neurologic examination was regular, without demonstrable myotonia. The analytical study revealed increased estradiol levels and estradiol/testosterone ratio. After excluding endocrine diseases, the molecular study of the dystrophia myotonica protein kinase gene confirmed the diagnosis of myotonic dystrophy type 1. Comments: A diagnosis of prepubertal gynecomastia should include an investigation for possible underlying diseases. This case report highlights the importance of considering the diagnosis of myotonic dystrophy type 1 in the presence of endocrine and neurodevelopmental manifestations.


RESUMO Objetivo: Apresentar o caso de um adolescente pré-púbere com ginecomastia bilateral e transtorno do espectro autista, diagnosticado com distrofia miotônica tipo 1. Descrição do caso: Adolescente do sexo masculino de 12 anos, com transtorno do espectro autista, observado em consulta de seguimento por crescimento mamário bilateral. O paciente tinha antecedentes familiares de ginecomastia, catarata em idade jovem, atraso pubertário e distrofia miotônica tipo 1. À observação física, apresentava ginecomastia bilateral estádio 1 de Tanner. O exame neurológico era normal, sem miotonia aparente. O estudo analítico mostrou níveis elevados de estradiol e da relação estradiol/testosterona. Após exclusão de causas endócrinas, o estudo molecular do gene DMPK confirmou o diagnóstico de distrofia miotônica tipo 1. Comentários: Perante um quadro de ginecomastia pré-púbere, deve-se excluir doenças subjacentes. Este caso reforça a importância de considerar o diagnóstico de distrofia miotônica tipo 1 na presença de manifestações endócrinas e do neurodesenvolvimento.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Child , Gynecomastia/etiology , Myotonic Dystrophy/complications , Pedigree , Testosterone/blood , Puberty , Estradiol/chemistry , Myotonin-Protein Kinase/genetics , Autism Spectrum Disorder , Genitalia, Male/anatomy & histology , Gynecomastia/blood , Myotonic Dystrophy/diagnosis , Myotonic Dystrophy/genetics , Myotonic Dystrophy/blood
5.
Int. j. morphol ; 37(3): 861-866, Sept. 2019. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1012366

ABSTRACT

It is important to know the morphological changes that occur in the spermatozoa of rooster during their passage through the reproductive tract, which help to understand what they acquire their fertilization capacity. The morphophysiological changes related to the capacitation and acrosomal reaction processes in the different segments of the rooster reproductive system were analyzed. Samples were obtained from various regions of the rooster reproductive tract and dorso-ventral massage to obtain ejaculates, 25 roosters were used Rhode Island Red with proven fertility, assessments were performed with chlortetracycline and Lectin WGA-FITC to determine the morphophysiological parameters. Sperm motility increases (p<0.05) during the passage of spermatozoa from the testis until they are ejaculated. The parameters of viability and morphology also show differences (p<0.05) in the different segments of the tract. Sperm morphometry shows a spermatic contraction (p<0.05) in the cranial and medial segments of the vas deferens. The acrosomal reaction capacity evaluated with chlortetracycline (CTC) or Wheat germ agglutinin (WGA), was evident increasing the parameters (p<0.05) with the use of the perivitelline layer in the spermatozoa of the reproductive tract and of the ejaculate. Spermatozoa of the reproductive tract of the rooster demonstrate acrosomal reaction capacity without requiring a previous sperm capacitation condition. On the other hand, they do not show parameters of incapacity, which implies that they cannot be stored in any segment of the reproductive tract.


Es importante conocer los cambios morfológicos que se producen en los espermatozoides del gallo durante su paso por el tracto reproductivo y que ayudan a comprender como adquieren su capacidad de fertilización. Se analizaron cambios morfofisiológicos relacionados con los procesos de capacitación y reacción acrosomal de los espermatozoides presentes en los diferentes segmentos del tracto reproductor del gallo. Se obtuvieron espermatozoides de diferentes regiones del tracto reproductor del gallo y de espermatozoides de eyaculado. Se usaron 25 gallos Rhode Island Red con fertilidad probada. Se realizaron evaluaciones básicas, con clortetraciclina (CTC) y lectina Wheat germ agglutinin conjugada con isotiosionato de fluoresceína (WGA-FITC) para determinar los parámetros morfofisiológicos. La motilidad del esperma aumenta (P<0,05) durante el paso de los espermatozoides desde el testículo hasta que son eyaculados. Los parámetros de viabilidad y morfología también muestran diferencias (P <0,05) en los diferentes segmentos del tracto. La morfometría mostró una contracción de los espermatozoides (P<0,05) en los segmentos craneal y medial del conducto deferente. La capacidad de reacción acrosomal evaluada con clortetraciclina CTC o WGAFITC, fue evidente al aumentar los parámetros (P<0,05) con el uso de membrana perivitelina en los espermatozoides del tracto reproductivo y del eyaculado. los espermatozoides del tracto reproductivo del gallo demuestran capacidad de reacción acrosomal sin requerir una condición previa de capacitación espermática. Por otro lado, no muestran parámetros de descapacitación espermática lo que implica que no pueden almacenar en ningún segmento del tracto reproductivo.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Spermatozoa , Chickens/anatomy & histology , Genitalia, Male/anatomy & histology , Semen , Sperm Motility , Vas Deferens/anatomy & histology , Acrosome , Fertility
6.
Pesqui. vet. bras ; 39(7): 538-548, July 2019. tab, graf, ilus
Article in English | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1040714

ABSTRACT

Trachemys scripta elegans is an American underwater chelonian illegally marketed in Brazilian pet shops. When abandoned in nature, it compromises native species, threatening local biodiversity. However, little is known about the body development and structure of its reproductive tract. The objective of the present study was to investigate the morphology and biometry of testis, epididymis and penis, as well as the biometry of the body and secondary sexual characters in this species. Twenty-seven adult males were used aiming to contribute to preservation actions in captivity, population control, and scientific research, as well as to interspecific comparisons. Sex identification by the third claw length was effective, and the specimens presented harmonious and positive body development between mass, carapace, plastron, and height, with unimodal tendency and higher frequency of maximum carapace length at 15cm. The testes and epididymides presented biometric similarity between the antimeres and anatomical and histological structure similar to that of other species of chelonians and mammals, except for the type of epithelium. The findings suggest that there is conserved morphology between slider turtles and homology in relation to mammals. Histological similarity to the reproductive organs of other amniotes, including humans, may give rise to scientific and comparative studies, essential for the establishment of conservation strategies in reptiles.(AU)


Trachemys scripta elegans é um quelônio subaquático americano ilegalmente comercializado em pet shops brasileiros. Ao ser abandonado na natureza, compromete as espécies nativas, ameaçando à biodiversidade local. No entanto, pouco se conhece sobre o desenvolvimento corporal e a estrutura do seu aparelho reprodutor. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi investigar a morfologia e a biometria dos testículos, epidídimos e pênis, a biometria corporal e dos caracteres sexuais secundários. Foram utilizados 27 machos adultos desta espécie, visando contribuir com ações de preservação em cativeiro, controle populacional e pesquisas científicas, além de comparações interespecíficas. A identificação sexual pelo comprimento da terceira garra foi efetiva e os espécimes apresentaram desenvolvimento corporal harmônico e positivo entre massa, carapaça, plastrão e altura, com tendência unimodal e maior frequência de comprimento máximo de carapaça em 15,0cm. Testículos e epidídimos apresentaram semelhança biométrica entre os antímeros e estrutura anatômica e histológica semelhantes à de outras espécies de quelônios e mamíferos, excetuando-se pelo tipo de epitélio. Os achados sugerem haver morfologia conservada entre os cágados e homologia em relação aos mamíferos. A semelhança histológica com os órgãos reprodutivos de outros amniotas, incluindo os humanos, pode dar ensejo a estudos científicos e comparativos, essenciais para estabelecimento de estratégias de conservação em répteis.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Penis/anatomy & histology , Testis/anatomy & histology , Turtles/anatomy & histology , Epididymis/anatomy & histology , Biometry , Genitalia, Male/anatomy & histology
7.
Int. j. morphol ; 34(4): 1218-1222, Dec. 2016. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-840870

ABSTRACT

Spermatogenesis is associated with considerable fluid secretion or absorption in the male reproductive tract. Aquaporins (AQPs) are membrane protein channels that allow the rapid movement of water through epithelium. In the present study, immunohistochemistry was utilized to localize the expression of AQP 1, AQP2 in the testis and prostate of adult bactrian camel (Camelus bactrianus). Results show that AQP1 have intense reaction in rete testis, efferent ducts, vessels, seminiferous duct and in the prostate, AQP2 was found minor expression in the rete testis, vessels and prostate, which suggesting that AQP1 may have the main role in the absorption of the large amount of testicular fluid in male camel reproductive tract. Investigations of AQPs biology in camel could be relevant with technologies for assisted procreation in animal husbandry and aquaculture.


La espermatogénesis se asocia con la secreción de una cantidad considerable de líquido o absorción en el tracto reproductor masculino. Las acuaporinas (ACPs) son canales de proteínas de membrana que permiten el movimiento rápido de agua a través del epitelio. En el presente estudio, se utilizó inmunohistoquímica para localizar la expresión de ACP 1, ACP2 en el testículo y la próstata del camello bactriano adulto (Camelus bactrianus). Los resultados muestran que ACP1 tiene una reacción intensa en la rete testis, conductos eferentes, vasos, conductos seminíferos y en la próstata. La expresión ACP2, de menor importancia, se observó en la rete testis, vasos y próstata, lo que sugiere que ACP1 puede tener el papel principal en la absorción de gran cantidad de líquido testicular en el tracto reproductivo masculino del camello. Las investigaciones de la biología del ACP en camello podrían ser relevantes para las tecnologías de reproducción asistida de la ganadería y la acuicultura.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Aquaporin 1/metabolism , Aquaporin 2/metabolism , Camelus , Genitalia, Male/metabolism , Genitalia, Male/anatomy & histology , Immunohistochemistry , Prostate/metabolism , Testis/metabolism
8.
Pesqui. vet. bras ; 36(10): 1099-1013, out. 2016. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1487597

ABSTRACT

Paca is a wild rodent typical of the tropical region. In order to study this species with focus on the proper management and preservation, this study aims to characterize the histochemistry of the accessory glands of the reproductive tract of the male paca. For this purpose, histological sections were stained with Periodic Acid-Schiff (PAS), Alcian Blue (AB), PAS + AB e PAS + Amilase. In the histochemical reaction of the bulbouretral gland was found that the epithelium produces secretion rich in neutral and acid glycoproteins, glycosaminoglycans, and in some regions produces more than one type of secretion. The epithelium did not contain any glycogen. In the vesicular gland the epithelium had bush border stained by neutral glycoproteins, but no acid glycoproteins, glycogen or glycosaminoglycan. The coagulating gland showed small amount of neutral glycoproteins in the brush border of the epithelium, without glycogen. It is concludes that the accessory glands of paca have histochemical characteristics that share some similarity with other species of the Order Rodentia, with some glands with neutral and acid glycoproteins, mainly in the epithelium of the bulbouretral gland and in the brush border of the other glands.


A paca (Cuniculus paca) é um roedor típico de regiões tropicais. Com a finalidade de estudar esta espécie selvagem para manejo adequado e sua preservação, objetivou-se neste trabalho caracterizar a histoquímica das glândulas anexas do trato reprodutor do macho da paca. Para este fim, cortes histológicos dessas glândulas foram submetidas às reações histoquímicas com Ácido Periódico de Schiff (PAS), Alcian blue (AB), PAS. + AB. e PAS + Amilase. Na glândula bulbouretral foi constatado que o epitélio produz secreção rica em glicoproteínas neutras e ácidas, glicosaminoglicanas, e em algumas regiões produz mais de um tipo de secreção. Não foi observada a presença de glicogênio no epitélio. Na glândula vesicular, seu epitélio em borda em escova corou-se por glicoproteínas neutras e também por substância de composição desconhecida, não contendo glicoproteínas ácidas, glicogênio ou glicosaminoglicanas. Verificou-se presença de pequena quantidade de glicoproteínas ácidas e neutras na próstata, em especial na mucosa, além de glicoproteínas ácidas carboxiladas e sulfatadas em pequena quantidade no tecido conjuntivo da lâmina própria dessa glândula. Por fim, a glândula coaguladora apresentou pequena quantidade de glicoproteínas neutras na borda em escova de seu epitélio e substância de composição desconhecida, sendo ausente o glicogênio. Conclui-se que as glândulas anexas do trato reprodutor da paca apresentam características histoquímicas que compartilham certa similaridade com outras espécies da ordem Rodentia, com a presença de glicoproteínas neutras e ácidas em algumas glândulas, principalmente no epitélio da glândula bulbouretal e na borda em escova do epitélio das demais glândulas.


Subject(s)
Animals , Cuniculidae/anatomy & histology , Bulbourethral Glands/anatomy & histology , Seminal Vesicles/anatomy & histology , Prostate/anatomy & histology , Genitalia, Male/anatomy & histology , Glycoproteins/analysis
9.
Pesqui. vet. bras ; 36(10): 1009-1013, out. 2016. tab, ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-842007

ABSTRACT

A paca (Cuniculus paca) é um roedor típico de regiões tropicais. Com a finalidade de estudar esta espécie selvagem para manejo adequado e sua preservação, objetivou-se neste trabalho caracterizar a histoquímica das glândulas anexas do trato reprodutor do macho da paca. Para este fim, cortes histológicos dessas glândulas foram submetidas às reações histoquímicas com Ácido Periódico de Schiff (PAS), Alcian blue (AB), PAS. + AB. e PAS + Amilase. Na glândula bulbouretral foi constatado que o epitélio produz secreção rica em glicoproteínas neutras e ácidas, glicosaminoglicanas, e em algumas regiões produz mais de um tipo de secreção. Não foi observada a presença de glicogênio no epitélio. Na glândula vesicular, seu epitélio em borda em escova corou-se por glicoproteínas neutras e também por substância de composição desconhecida, não contendo glicoproteínas ácidas, glicogênio ou glicosaminoglicanas. Verificou-se presença de pequena quantidade de glicoproteínas ácidas e neutras na próstata, em especial na mucosa, além de glicoproteínas ácidas carboxiladas e sulfatadas em pequena quantidade no tecido conjuntivo da lâmina própria dessa glândula. Por fim, a glândula coaguladora apresentou pequena quantidade de glicoproteínas neutras na borda em escova de seu epitélio e substância de composição desconhecida, sendo ausente o glicogênio. Conclui-se que as glândulas anexas do trato reprodutor da paca apresentam características histoquímicas que compartilham certa similaridade com outras espécies da ordem Rodentia, com a presença de glicoproteínas neutras e ácidas em algumas glândulas, principalmente no epitélio da glândula bulbouretal e na borda em escova do epitélio das demais glândulas.(AU)


Paca is a wild rodent typical of the tropical region. In order to study this species with focus on the proper management and preservation, this study aims to characterize the histochemistry of the accessory glands of the reproductive tract of the male paca. For this purpose, histological sections were stained with Periodic Acid-Schiff (PAS), Alcian Blue (AB), PAS + AB e PAS + Amilase. In the histochemical reaction of the bulbouretral gland was found that the epithelium produces secretion rich in neutral and acid glycoproteins, glycosaminoglycans, and in some regions produces more than one type of secretion. The epithelium did not contain any glycogen. In the vesicular gland the epithelium had bush border stained by neutral glycoproteins, but no acid glycoproteins, glycogen or glycosaminoglycan. The coagulating gland showed small amount of neutral glycoproteins in the brush border of the epithelium, without glycogen. It is concludes that the accessory glands of paca have histochemical characteristics that share some similarity with other species of the Order Rodentia, with some glands with neutral and acid glycoproteins, mainly in the epithelium of the bulbouretral gland and in the brush border of the other glands.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Bulbourethral Glands/anatomy & histology , Cuniculidae/anatomy & histology , Prostate/anatomy & histology , Seminal Vesicles/anatomy & histology , Genitalia, Male/anatomy & histology , Glycoproteins/analysis
10.
Pesqui. vet. bras ; 35(supl.1): 69-83, dez. 2015. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: lil-789012

ABSTRACT

Foram utilizadas as gônadas e vias espermáticas de cinco animais machos, adultos em fase reprodutiva, da espécie Metachirus nudicaudatus Geoffroy 1803, única espécie do gênero, para descrever a morfologia do escroto, do testículo e das vias espermáticas. O Metachirus possui escroto pré-peniano e que contém os testículos permanentemente. A pele escrotal é não pigmentada e com poucos pelos e glândulas. A lâmina parietal da túnica vaginal apresenta-se pouco pigmentada. Os testículos são ovais e ligados ao epidídimo através do pedículo testículo-epididimário. Eles são envolvidos, externamente, pela cápsula testicular e sustentados por um estroma de natureza conjuntiva. As células intersticiais são os elementos predominantes no abundante tecido intertubular. Os túbulos seminíferos são largos, enovelados e envolvidos por uma túnica própria fibroelástica, contendo células mióides. O epitélio seminífero é formado pelas células espermatogênicas e de Sertoli intercaladas. Os túbulos seminíferos convergem em direção à extremidade capitata do testículo, ficando revestidos por apenas células de sustentação, caracterizando uma região de transição entre túbulos seminíferos e túbulos retos, ocupada por uma estrutura tipo "válvula" que obstrui parcialmente o lume tubular. Os túbulos retos reúnem-se para formar um único dúctulo eferente, que percorre uma pequena extensão intratesticular, atravessa a albugínea e penetra no pedículo testículo-epididimário. A parte flexuosa do dúctulo eferente forma um lóbulo separado na parte medial do corpo do epidídimo. O epidídimo é envolvido pela cápsula epididimária e constituído pelo ducto epididimário, que se encontra bastante enovelado. O ducto epididimário é revestido por epitélio simples colunar pseudoestratificado apresentando células principais, basais, apicais e de "halo claro". As células principais são predominantes e apresentam características morfológicas e histoquímicas que diferem ao longo do ducto, possibilitando a caracterização de nove diferentes zonas epididimárias. É no lume da zona sete (início da cauda) que começa o pareamento de espermatozoides. Esse fenômeno coincide com alterações morfológicas bem evidentes e uma maior quantidade de mucossubstâncias neutras é secretada nessa zona.O ducto deferente apresenta-se dividido em três partes: justa-epididimária, funicular e abdominal, baseando nas variações histológicas e histoquímicas de seu epitélio e componentes envolventes. O ducto deferente não apresenta ampola e nem cruza o ureter antes de desembocar na uretra. O funículo espermático contém o ducto deferente, artéria e veias testiculares, vasos linfáticos, nervos e um desenvolvido músculo cremáster. Seus componentes apresentam modificações estruturais nas regiões proximal, média e distal, sendo notável a peculiar rede admirável.(AU)


Gonads and sperm pathways of five adult male Metachirus nudicaudatus in the reproductive phase were used to describe the morphology of scrotum, testicle, and spermatic tract. M. nudicaudatus has a scrotum pre-penis which contains the testicles permanently. The scrotal skin is not pigmented and has few hairs and glands. The parietal vaginal tunic is slightly pigmented. The testicles are oval and connected to the epididymis by testicular-epididymal pedicle; they are surrounded externally by the testicular capsule and supported by a stroma of connective nature. Interstitial cells are the predominant elements in abundant intertubular tissue. The seminiferous tubules are wide, meandering and surrounded by a fibro-elastic coat, containing myoid cells. The seminiferous epithelium is composed of spermatogenic cells and Sertoli cells interspersed. The seminiferous tubules converge toward the end of the testis capitata, getting coated only support cells, featuring a transition region between the seminiferous tubules and straight tubules, occupied by a type "valve" structure that partially blocks the tubular lumen. Straight tubules together to form a single efferent ductule, which runs a small intra-testicular extent, penetrates through the tunica and the pedicle testis-epididymis. The flexuosa part of the efferent ductule forms a separate lobe in the medial part of the body of the epididymis. The epididymis is enveloped by a capsule and epididymal comprising the epididymal duct, which is quite entangled. The epididymal duct is lined by pseudostratified columnar epithelium with simple principal, basal, apical and "clear halo" cells. The main cells are prevalent and have morphological and histochemical differing characteristics along the duct, enabling to characterize nine different epididymal areas. In the lumen of the seventh area (top of tail) that starts the pairing of sperm. This phenomenon coincides well with morphological change and a larger amount of neutral muco-substances is secreted in that area. Vas deferens has three parts: fair-epididymal, abdominal and funicular part, based on histological and histochemical changes of the epithelium and surrounding components. The vas deferens has no bulb and even crosses the ureter before flowing into the urethra. The spermatic cord contains the vas deferens, testicular artery and veins, lymphatic vessels, nerves and developed cremaster muscle. Its components have structural changes in the proximal, middle and distal region, with a peculiar admirable network.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Scrotum/anatomy & histology , Seminiferous Tubules/anatomy & histology , Testis/anatomy & histology , Epididymis/anatomy & histology , Marsupialia/anatomy & histology , Genitalia, Male/anatomy & histology
11.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec ; 66(4): 1296-1298, 08/2014. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1096021

ABSTRACT

The present study aimed to evaluate if there are differences in testicular parenchyma echogenicity between pre-pubescent and pubescent animals at the same age. Ultrasound examinations were performed in longitudinal and transversal planes of the testicles of 111 healthy Nelore bovines, at the ages of nine, 13 and 15 months. The EIV software calculated the echogenicity of the testicular parenchyma, which ranged from 0 (anechoic) to 100% (hyperechoic). Animals that had reached puberty at 15 months of age presented higher testicular echogenicity than the animals that had not reached puberty at the same age. These results suggest that testicular ultrasonography can be used as a predictor of sexual precocity.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Cattle , Sexual Maturation/physiology , Testis/diagnostic imaging , Ultrasonography/veterinary , Genitalia, Male/anatomy & histology
12.
Pesqui. vet. bras ; 34(7): 709-715, jul. 2014. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-720449

ABSTRACT

Foram utilizados 42 ovinos sem raça definida, divididos segundo a configuração escrotal. Destes animais, 12 foram utilizados na investigação da biometria testicular e histologia da pele escrotal. Os demais foram destinados ao estudo do funículo espermático. Os animais foram agrupados em um grupo de 21 animais sem bipartição escrotal (GEI) e 21 com bipartição escrotal, (GEII), esta não atingindo 50% do comprimento do eixo longitudinal do escroto. Em cada grupo, em 6 animais foram coletados fragmentos da pele do escroto e em 5 do funículo espermáticos, e processados em rotina histológica e analisados em microscopia de luz; e em 10 foram injetados látex na artéria testicular para obtenção de moldes vasculares e obtenção do comprimento da artéria. Quando comparados os grupos GEI e GEII, não foram encontradas diferenças estatísticas significativas (p<0,05) entre a espessura do escroto (epiderme e derme), constituição histológica da pele escrotal, número de glândulas sudoríparas por área, comprimento do funículo espermático ou parâmetros biométricos testiculares. Entretanto, o comprimento total das artérias testiculares do GEI foi maior do que o GEII (p<0,05). Concluiu-se, com base nos parâmetros morfológicos analisados, que a bipartição escrotal em ovinos não influenciou na estrutura da pele, funículo ou biometria testicular quando comparado aos animais que não apresentavam esta característica. Outros estudos merecem atenção para desmistificar o porquê do aparecimento dessa característica em ovinos e se esta característica é ou não desejável para melhoria na produção desses animais em regiões de clima quente.


Forty-two crossbred rams were used, divided according to their scrotal configuration. Twelve of these animals were used to investigate the testicular biometry and scrotal skin histology. The other animals were used to study the spermatic cord. The animals were placed in a group of 21 animals without scrotal bipartition (GEI) and another with scrotal bipartition (GEII) which did not reach 50% of the length of the scrotum's longitudinal axis. In each group, scrotal skin fragments from six rams and spermatic cord fragments from 5 others were collected, processed by routine histological tests and analyzed with a microscope. In 10 rams latex was injected into the testicular artery to obtain vascular molds and the artery length. Comparison of groups GEI and GEII showed no significant statistical differences (p<0.05) between scrotal thickness (epidermis and dermis), histological constituency of the scrotal skin, number of sudoriferous glands per area, scrotal bipartition length or testicular biometric parameters. However, the total length of the testicular arteries of GEI was greater than of GEII (p<0.05). It was concluded from the morphological parameters analyzed that scrotal bipartition in rams did not influence the skin structure, scrotal bipartition or testicular biometry when compared with animals that did not present this characteristic. Further studies should be carried out to elucidate the appearance of this characteristic in rams and whether it is desirable or not for improved production of these animals in warm climate regions.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Spermatic Cord/anatomy & histology , Scrotum/anatomy & histology , Sheep/anatomy & histology , Body Temperature Regulation/physiology , Genitalia, Male/anatomy & histology , Testis/anatomy & histology
13.
Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz ; 109(4): 473-479, 03/07/2014. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-716299

ABSTRACT

Since 1984, Anopheles (Kerteszia) lepidotus has been considered a mosquito species that is involved in the transmission of malaria in Colombia, after having been incriminated as such with epidemiological evidence from a malaria outbreak in Cunday-Villarrica, Tolima. Subsequent morphological analyses of females captured in the same place and at the time of the outbreak showed that the species responsible for the transmission was not An. lepidotus, but rather Anopheles pholidotus. However, the associated morphological stages and DNA sequences of An. pholidotus from the foci of Cunday-Villarrica had not been analysed. Using samples that were caught recently from the outbreak region, the purpose of this study was to provide updated and additional information by analysing the morphology of female mosquitoes, the genitalia of male mosquitoes and fourth instar larvae of An. pholidotus, which was confirmed with DNA sequences of cytochrome oxidase I and rDNA internal transcribed spacer. A total of 1,596 adult females were collected in addition to 37 larval collections in bromeliads. Furthermore, 141 adult females, which were captured from the same area in the years 1981-1982, were analysed morphologically. Ninety-five DNA sequences were analysed for this study. Morphological and molecular analyses showed that the species present in this region corresponds to An. pholidotus. Given the absence of An. lepidotus, even in recent years, we consider that the species of mosquitoes that was previously incriminated as the malaria vector during the outbreak was indeed An. pholidotus, thus ending the controversy.


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Male , Anopheles/anatomy & histology , Anopheles/genetics , Genitalia, Male/anatomy & histology , Anopheles/classification , Base Sequence , Colombia , DNA, Mitochondrial/genetics , DNA, Ribosomal Spacer/genetics , Larva/anatomy & histology , Larva/classification , Larva/genetics , Molecular Sequence Data , Phylogeny
14.
Arq. Inst. Biol ; 81(1): 83-85, mar. 2014. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-909159

ABSTRACT

As formas jovens da cigarrinha-da-raiz da cana-de-açúcar sugam as raízes, e os adultos sugam as folhas e injetam toxinas, causando necrose nos tecidos foliares. A espécie de cigarrinha mais citada em trabalhos científicos é a Mahanarva fimbriolata. Adultos de cigarrinha foram coletados em canaviais da Usina Jalles Machado, em Goianésia (GO). Estes foram montados, identificados e depositados na coleção da Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS). A identificação foi feita pela genitália. Constatou-se tratar de Mahanarva spectabilis e Mahanarva liturata, consistindo-se no primeiro registro das espécies de cigarrinhas-da-raiz atacando os canaviais em Goianésia; no local, pensava-se que existia somente a espécie M. fimbriolata.(AU)


The young forms of the sugarcane froghopper suck the roots, and the adults suck the sap from leaves and inject toxins, thus causing necrosis in leaf tissues. The most cited species of sugarcane froghopper in scientific papers is Mahanarva fimbriolata. Adults of the froghopper were collected in sugarcane plant Jalles Machado, in Goianésia (GO). These have been put together, identified and deposited in the collection of Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS). Identification was conducted by the genitalia. We found there were Mahanarva spectabilis and Mahanarva liturata, consisting of the first record of this species of froghopper attacking sugarcane fields in Goianésia; in this place, only the species M. fimbriolata was considered to exist.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Pest Control, Biological , Saccharum , Genitalia, Male/anatomy & histology , Hemiptera/anatomy & histology
15.
Biol. Res ; 47: 1-9, 2014. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-710937

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Although tropical climate of Thailand is suitably endowed with biodiversity of insects, flies of medical importance is not well investigated. Using information from literature search, fly survey approach and specialist's experience, we review database of Sarcophaga (Liosarcophaga) dux Thomson (Diptera: Sarcophagidae), one of the priorities flesh fly species of medical importance in Thailand. RESULTS: This review deals with morphology, bionomics and medical involvement. Important morphological characteristics of egg, larva, puparia and adult were highlighted with illustration and/or micrographs. Search pertaining to molecular analysis used for fly identification and developmental rate of larvae were included. Medical involvement of larvae was not only myiasis-producing agent in humans and animals, but associated with human death investigations. CONCLUSIONS: This information will enable us to accurate identify this species and to emphasis the increase medically important scene in Thailand.


Subject(s)
Animals , Cattle , Humans , Male , Myiasis/diagnosis , Oviposition , Sarcophagidae/anatomy & histology , Sarcophagidae/growth & development , Dissection/methods , Forensic Sciences , Genitalia, Male/anatomy & histology , Life Cycle Stages , Larva/growth & development , Microscopy, Electron, Scanning , Myiasis/veterinary , Ovum/growth & development , Pupa/growth & development , Thailand
16.
Braz. j. vet. res. anim. sci ; 50(6): 447-456, 2013. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-789909

ABSTRACT

Gracilinanus microtarsus is one of the smallest marsupials on earth. Since it spreads seeds, it has great ecological relevance. However, its reproduction data, especially those related to the anatomy of its reproduction apparatus, are scarce in the literature. Current analysis describes the male genital organs of six adult specimens of G. microtarsus. Macroscopic studies were undertaken on dissected organs, whereas histological studies were performed by inclusion technique in paraffin and by hematoxylin and eosin and Masson trichrome staining. The male genital organs of G. microtarsus consist of a penis with bifid glans, two testicles within a pendular scrotum, placed cranially to the penis, featuring a histology consisting of seminiferous tubules with spermatogonic cells, spermatozoa and Sertoli cells, and a peritubular region with Leydig cells. Testicles are closely associated with epididymis with head, body and tail, with histological differences between the different regions. Deferent ducts, spermatic funicles and annexed glands were reported. The latter were composed of prostate glands divided into three distinct segments and bulbourethral glands. Results show that the male reproduction system of G. Microtarsus is anatomically similar to that of Didelphis sp. and other marsupials groups, with slight details such as the site of each organ...


Gracilinanus microtarsus é um dos menores marsupiais do mundo. Possui grande potencial dispersor de sementes e por esta razão apresenta grande importância ecológica. No entanto, dados em relação à reprodução desses animais são escassos na literatura, principalmente, aqueles relacionados à anatomia dos órgãos do aparelho reprodutor. Por essa razão, objetivamos com este estudo realizar uma descrição dos órgãos genitais masculinos em seis exemplares de G. microtarsus adultos. Para tanto, realizamos estudos macroscópicos por dissecação dos órgãos e estudos histológicos por técnica de inclusão em parafina e coloração em hematoxilina e eosina, e tricromo de Masson. Encontramos, que os órgãos genitais masculinos e glândulas acessórias em G. microtarsus são representados por dois testículos localizados dentro de um escroto pendular, posicionados cranialmente ao pênis, cuja histologia revelou túbulos seminíferos com espermatogônias, espermatozoides e células de Sertoli e região peritubular com células de Leydig; testículos em íntima associação com os epidídimos, divididos em cabeça, corpo e cauda, com diferenças histológicas entre as diferentes regiões; ductos deferentes; funículo espermático; glândulas anexas compostas pelas glândulas prostáticas divididas em três distintos segmentos e glândulas bulbouretrais; uretra pélvica e peniana e um pênis com glande bífida. Concluímos que os órgãos genitais e as glândulas acessórias masculina de G. microtarsus, anatomicamente são muito semelhantes aos dos Didelphis sp. e outros grupos de marsupiais, diferenciando-se apenas em alguns detalhes, como a localização de cada órgão...


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Genitalia, Male/anatomy & histology , Marsupialia/anatomy & histology , Eosine Yellowish-(YS) , Hematoxylin , Paraffin Embedding/veterinary , Histological Techniques/veterinary
17.
Int. j. morphol ; 30(4): 1597-1603, dic. 2012. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-670186

ABSTRACT

A comparative study of testicular biometry was done in rams using three major breeds of sheep in Nigeria. Biometrical parameters observed were scrotal circumference (SC), testes weight (TW), testes length (TL), tunica albuginea weight (TAW), testes volume (TV), testes density (TD), epididymal weight (EW), epididymal length (EL), caput (CA), corpus (CO), cauda weight (CU), epididymal volume (EV) and epididymal density (ED). The results showed significant differences (p<0.05) between the Uda, Balami and Yankasa breed in the SC, TW, TV, EW, EL, CA, CO, CU, and EV. The Uda had significantly higher (p<0.05) values in most of the parameters examined than the two other breeds. A bilateral symmetry was observed for Uda and Balami in testes weight and testes volume. It was concluded that the testicular biometry of Uda and Balami observed are suggestive of high spermatozoa per unit mass of the testes and epididymis and subsequently higher fertility, and these biometry can be used by farmers in selecting good breeding animals for genetic improvement.


Se realizó un estudio comparativo de la biometría testicular en carneros con las tres razas principales de ovejas de Nigeria. Los parámetros biométricos observados fueron la circunferencia escrotal (CE), peso testicular (PT), longitud testicular (LT), peso de la túnica albugínea (PTA), volumen testicular (VT), densidad testicular (DT), peso del epidídimo (PE), longitud del epidídimo (EL), peso de la cabeza (CA), cuerpo (CU) y cauda (CA), volumen del epidídimo (VE) y densidad del epidídimo (ED). Los resultados mostraron diferencias significativas (p <0,05) entre la raza Uda, Balami y Yankasa para la CE, PT, VT, PE, LE, CA, CU, CA, y VE. La raza Uda tuvo valores significativamente mayores (p <0,05) en la mayoría de los parámetros analizados con las otras dos razas. Se observó una simetría bilateral en el peso de los testículos y el volumen de los testículos para las razas Uda y Balami. Se concluyó que la biometría testicular observada en las razas Uda y Balami son sugerentes de alta cantidad de espermatozoides por unidad de masa de los testículos y el epidídimo, y subsecuentemente una alta fertilidad. La biometría de éstos pueden ser utilizada por los agricultores en la selección de buenos animales para la mejora genética de las crías.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Sheep/anatomy & histology , Genitalia, Male/anatomy & histology , Scrotum/anatomy & histology , Testis/anatomy & histology , Epididymis/anatomy & histology
18.
Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz ; 107(7): 928-934, Nov. 2012. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-656051

ABSTRACT

Wyeomyia exallos, a new mosquito species from Atlantic Forest of southeastern Brazil, is described based on morphological characters of the adult female, male, male genitalia, pupa and fourth-instar larva. The morphological characters of Wy. exallos sp. nov. are compared with those of different subgenera of Wyeomyia as well as of species without subgeneric position. It is proposed that the new species should be placed in genus Wyeomyia Theobald without subgeneric assignment.


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Male , Culicidae/anatomy & histology , Culicidae/classification , Brazil , Genitalia, Male/anatomy & histology , Larva/anatomy & histology , Pupa/anatomy & histology
19.
Rev. biol. trop ; 60(2): 577-580, June 2012. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-657803

ABSTRACT

Philopotamidae is a large caddisfly family with 20 extant genera comprising about 1 000 described species worldwide. Alterosa contains 22 described species distributed in South and Southeastern Brazil. Adults of the genus are very similar in general structure, but are remarkable for their wide variation in male genitalic morphology. The specimens were collected with Pennsylvania light traps and preserved in 80% ethanol. Alterosa nessimiani sp. nov. is described and figured from male specimens collected in streams of Rio de Janeiro state, Southeastern Brazil. The new species is closely related to A. jordaensis Blahnik 2005, from which it can be distinguished by the presence of two spines on the intermediate appendages and by the shape of tergum X. Rev. Biol. Trop. 60 (2): 577-580. Epub 2012 June 01.


Philopotamidae es una familia grande de tricópteros la cual está actualmente compuesta por 20 géneros y cerca de 1 000 especies descritas en todo el mundo. El género Alterosa posee 22 especies descritas y están distribuidas en el sur y sureste de Brasil. Los adultos del género son muy similares en su estructura general, pero se diferencian por su amplia variación presente en la morfología de la genitalia masculina. Los ejemplares fueron recolectados en trampas luminosas Pennsylvania y conservados en etanol al 80%. Alterosa nessimiani sp. nov. es descrita e ilustrada basada en ejemplares machos recolectados en el estado de Río de Janeiro, sureste de Brasil. La nueva especie es similar a A. jordaensis Blahnik, 2005, pero puede ser diferenciada por la presencia de dos espinas en los apéndices intermediarios y por la forma del tergo X.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Arthropods/anatomy & histology , Genitalia, Male/anatomy & histology , Insecta/anatomy & histology , Brazil , Insecta/classification
20.
Rev. biol. trop ; 59(3): 1165-1172, Sept. 2011. ilus, mapas, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-638150

ABSTRACT

Distribution and taxonomy of Pyrgophorus platyrachis (Caenogastropoda: Hydrobiidae) in the Sistema de Maracaibo, Venezuela. The presence of a microgastropod identified as Potamopyrgus sp. Was detected previously in the Maracaibo System; nevertheless, a detailed morphological analysis identified this snail in other genera. The objective of this work is to update the distribution and taxonomy of Pyrgophorus platyrachis in the Maracaibo System, Venezuela in samples obtained between 2001 and 2009. The presence of hundreds of individuals of P. platyrachis were observed in the estuary, indeed in the localities of the Gran Eneal lagoon (4 111 snails), Peonías lagoon (229 snails), Punta Capitán Chico (758 snails), San Francisco (2 517 snails), Curarire (240 snails), Apon River mouth (173 snails), Ojeda City (240 snails), Bachaquero (128 snails) and Tomoporo de Agua (385 snails). We performed a taxonomical analysis, and emphasized in ecological aspects, such as the distribution of the species and habitat features, as near vegetation and type of associated sediment. We found three morphotypes of the species, one smooth, another with spiral striations and the other with spines. Smooth morphotype was exclusive of the Gran Eneal lagoon, Peonías lagoon, Punta Capitan Chico and Apon River mouth localities, whereas the other two morphotypes were found together in the remaining localities. According to our detailed anatomical and taxonomical analysis we propose a synonymy between P. platyrachis and the other species described like Pyrgophorus parvulus and Pyrgophorus spinosus. Rev. Biol. Trop. 59 (3): 1165-1172. Epub 2011 September 01.


Algunos autores han planteado que los géneros Pyrgophorus Ancey 1888 y Potamopyrgus Stimpson 1865, son sinónimos, mientras que otros opinan que ambos se encuentran restringidos geográficamente. La similitud en la escultura de la concha, es lo que ha llevado a que sean considerados sinónimos, sin embargo las especies de Pyrgophorus son mucho más pequeñas, con cinco o menos vueltas y de sutura poco profunda. El objetivo de este trabajo es dar a conocer la distribución y taxonomía del gasterópodo de agua dulce Pyrgophorus platyrachis en el Sistema de Maracaibo, estado Zulia, Venezuela. Durante muestreos efectuados entre 2001 y 2009 se detectó la presencia de cientos de individuos de P. platyrachis en las localidades de la laguna de Gran Eneal, laguna Las Peonías, Punta Capitán Chico, San Francisco, Curarire, desembocadura del Río Apón, Ciudad Ojeda, Bachaquero y Tomoporo de Agua. Por lo tanto, se realizó un análisis taxonómico de los ejemplares obtenidos, destacando su distribución y la presencia de tres morfotipos: liso, enroscado y espinoso; el primero limitado a la Laguna de Gran Eneal, las Peonías, desembocadura del Río Apón y Punta Capitán Chico, mientras que los otros dos se encuentran juntos en las localidades restantes. Además, se propone la sinonimia entre P. platyrachis y otras especies descritas como Pyrgophorus parvulus y Pyrgophorus spinosus.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Gastropoda/anatomy & histology , Gastropoda/classification , Genitalia, Male/anatomy & histology , Population Density , Venezuela
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